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FIG. 19-70 Schematic diagram of an electrolytic flotation plant. vacuum is applied, giving rise to the generation of the air bubbles. The process can be run only as a batch process and requires sophisticated equipment to produce and maintain the vacuum. By and large, the amount of air released during flotation is limited by the vacuum achievable. In contrast to vacuum flotation, dissolved-air flotation units can be operated on a continuous basis by the application of pressure. This consists of...
Magnetic Separation
General References Kolm, Oberteuffer, and Kelland, High-Gradient Magnetic Separation, Sci. Am., 233 5 , 46-54 November 1975 . Lawyer and Hopstock, Wet Magnetic Separation of Weakly Magnetic Materials, Min. Sci. Eng., 6 3 , 154-172 July 1974 . Marston, The Use of Electromagnetic Fields for the Separation of Minerals, World Electrical Congress, Moscow, 1977. Taggart, Handbook of Mineral Dressing, 2d ed., Wiley, New York, 1945. The principles of magnetic separation have been applied commercially...
Electrostatic Separation
General References SME Mineral Processing Handbook, Society of Mining Engineers of the AIMMPE, NY, 1985 Edition. Moore, Electrostatics and Its Applications, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1973. Knoll, Taylor, Advances in Electrostatic Separation, Minerals amp Metallurgical Processing, 1985. E. Tondu et al., Commercial Separation of Unburned Carbon from Fly Ash, Mining Engineering, June 1996, p. 47-50. General Principles Electrostatic separation of particles , also commonly known as high-tension...
Criteria For Sampler Design
Operation of a traversing sampler for gravity flow of material for through-stream sampling is required to meet the following design factors 1. The cutter moves at constant speed or constant rotation rate in the case of a rotary-motion sample cutter such that the entire flow of material is traversed by the cutter, with the further requirement that the stopped position of the cutter at either limit of traverse out of stream is at sufficient distance from the stream so that no material from the...
Screening
General References Beddow, Dry Separation Techniques, Chem. Eng., 88, 70 Aug. 10, 1981 . Colman, Selection Guidelines for Size and Type of Vibrating Screens in Ore Crushing Plants, in Mular and Bhappu eds. , Mineral Processing Plant Design, 2d ed., Society of Mining Engineers, AIME, New York, 1980. Kuenhold, Factors to Consider in Vibrating Screen Installations, Min. Eng., 650-653 June 1957 . Matthews, Chem. Eng., deskbook issue, 99 Feb. 15, 1971 . Matthews, Screening, Chem. Eng., 79, 76 July...
Underflow
FIG. 19-23 Hydrocyclone. Courtesy Krebs Engineers. cyclones in a single case. Larger sizes may be used singly or manifolded by outside piping. The hydrocyclone has mostly replaced other classifiers in closed-circuit grinding. Typical uses more in line with chemical applications are degritting milk of lime and of red mud in alumina production, removal of carbonaceous material in upgrading gypsum produced in making phosphoric acid, open-circuit washing of fine uranium pulps, classification of...
Selecting A Sampler
Mechanical samplers meeting delimitation criteria are available in two basic designs for sampling material in gravity free fall. The basic designs are sampling with linear cutter motion and sampling with radial cutter motion see Fig. 19-3 and Fig. 19-4 respectively . The net result is the same with either when equipment is properly designed and operated. Selection of linear or radial rotary cutter sampling is made according to mechanical installation factors often on a basis of flow quantity....
Densemedia Separation
General References Aplan and Spedden, Viscosity Control in Heavy Media Suspension, Proc. 7th Int. Miner. Process. Congr., New York, Sept. 20, 1964, Gordon and Breach, New York, 1965, p. 103. Browning, Heavy Liquids and Procedures for Laboratory Separation of Minerals, U.S. Bur. Mines Inf. Circ. 8007. Burton, The economic impact of modern dense medium systems, Minerals Engineering, 4, 225 1991 . Deurbrouck and Hudy, Performance Characteristics of Coal-Washing Equipment Dense-Medium Cyclones,...